Attention disorders can often be confusing, especially when terms like ADHD and ADD are used interchangeably. While they share similarities, understanding the distinction between these terms can help clarify diagnoses, improve treatment plans, and foster better understanding.

What is ADHD?

ADHD, formerly known as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental disorder. This condition affects people of all ages and it’s characterized by consistent periods of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Over time, these patterns interfere with functioning or development.

ADHD is perhaps the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder in children, and it can continue into adulthood.

What is ADD?

ADD, or Attention-Deficit Disorder, is no longer an official term. This condition term was once used to describe individuals who had difficulty with attention but did not display significant hyperactive or impulsive behaviors. Today, ADD is an outdated diagnosis and is now officially recognized as a subtype of ADHD.

In 1994, the APA updated the DSM and reclassified ADD under the umbrella of ADHD, which now includes three distinct presentations.

The Three Presentations of ADHD

The current diagnosis of ADHD is divided into three presentations:

1. ADHD, Predominantly Inattentive Presentation

  • Difficulty paying attention to details
  • Trouble staying focused on tasks
  • Easily distracted
  • Often appears forgetful or disorganized

Predominantly Inattentive Presentation is the presentation that was previously referred to as ADD.

2. ADHD, Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation

  • Excessive talking
  • Fidgeting or restlessness
  • Impulsivity, such as interrupting or difficulty waiting for one’s turn
  • Constant movement or difficulty staying seated

3. ADHD, Combined Presentation

  • A mix of inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms
  • The most common form diagnosed in children and adults

Why the Terminology Matters

Using the correct terminology helps ensure individuals receive the most accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Some people may still use the term “ADD” out of habit or familiarity, especially when describing someone who is inattentive but not hyperactive. However, mental health professionals now diagnose all attention disorders under the umbrella of ADHD, using the appropriate subtype to describe the individual’s specific symptoms.

Getting a Proper Diagnosis

If you or someone you love shows signs of inattention, impulsivity, or hyperactivity that interferes with daily life, it may be worth reaching out. A trained mental health professional can evaluate symptoms, medical history, and behavior to determine the correct ADHD presentation and recommend an appropriate treatment plan, which may include:

  • Behavioral therapy
  • Medication
  • Lifestyle modifications
  • Educational support

Getting the Proper Diagnosis

While ADHD and ADD may seem like separate conditions, they are part of the same diagnostic category. Understanding the evolution of these terms and their current meanings can help reduce confusion and improve communication about attention disorders. With the proper knowledge and support, individuals with ADHD can thrive in school, work, and life.